MT-1 (Melanotan I) , also known by its generic name afamelanotide and brand name **Scenesse®, is a synthetic 13-amino acid peptide analogue of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) . It differs structurally from the endogenous hormone by only two amino acids, which impart greater affinity for its target receptor and a longer biological half-life .
Key Specifications:
CAS Number: 75921-69-6
Molecular Formula: C₇₈H₁₁₁N₂₁O₁₉
Molecular Weight: 1646.85 Da
Synonyms: Afamelanotide, Melanotan-1, MT-I, [Nle⁴-D-Phe⁷]-α-MSH, Scenesse®
Purity: ≥98-99% (research grade)
Appearance: White lyophilized powder
Storage: Store at 2-8°C; protect from light
Mechanism of Action:
MT-1 acts as a potent agonist of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) on melanocytes . Activation of MC1R stimulates:
Eumelanin synthesis: Increases production of photoprotective dark pigment (eumelanin) independent of UV exposure
Melanosome distribution: Melanosomes (pigment-containing vesicles) are concentrated above keratinocyte nuclei, shielding DNA from UV damage
Additional protective effects: Increases antioxidant activity, enhances DNA repair, and stimulates secretion of immunomodulatory proteins (interleukin-10)
Key Research Applications:
| Category | Applications |
|---|---|
| Tanning Research | UV-independent melanogenesis, pigmentation studies, photoprotection |
| Photodermatoses | Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), polymorphic light eruption |
| Dermatology | Skin pigmentation disorders, actinic keratosis prevention |
| Cancer Research | Potential chemoprevention for skin cancer (UV protection mechanism) |
Clinical Status:
Afamelanotide (MT-1) is FDA-approved (October 2019) and EU-approved (December 2014) for the prevention of phototoxicity in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) , a rare genetic disorder causing severe sun sensitivity . It is marketed under the brand name Scenesse® as a subcutaneous implant .
Important Notice:
FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR HUMAN USE, THERAPEUTIC, OR DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS outside approved clinical settings.
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